Muri gride ya Photovoltaque ihujwe na inverter, hariho ibipimo byinshi bya tekiniki ya tekinike: ntarengwa ya DC yinjiza voltage, MPPT ikora voltage yumurongo, umutwaro wuzuye wa voltage, gutangira voltage, ibipimo byinjiza voltage, ibisohoka voltage, nibindi. Ibi bipimo bifite intego yibanze kandi byose ni ingirakamaro .Iyi ngingo ivuga mu ncamake ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bya voltage ya involteri yo guhinduranya no guhana.
Ikibazo: Umubare ntarengwa winjiza DC
Igisubizo: Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi wumuzunguruko wumurongo wumurongo, birasabwa ko umuyaga mwinshi wumuzunguruko wumurongo wumugozi udashobora kurenza ingufu za DC zinjira mubushyuhe bukabije.Kurugero, niba umuyagankuba ufunguye wumuzunguruko wibigize ari 38V, coefficient yubushyuhe ni -0.3% / ℃, naho umuyagankuba ufunguye ni 43.7V kuri minus 25 ℃, noneho hashobora kubaho imirongo 25 ntarengwa.25 * 43.7 = 1092.5V.
Ikibazo: MPPT ikora voltage urwego
Igisubizo: Inverter yagenewe guhuza na voltage ihora ihindagurika yibigize.Umuvuduko wibigize uratandukanye ukurikije impinduka zumucyo nubushyuhe, kandi umubare wibigize uhujwe murukurikirane nabyo bigomba gutegurwa ukurikije imiterere yihariye yumushinga.Kubwibyo, inverter yashyizeho urwego rwakazi rushobora gukora mubisanzwe.Mugihe cyagutse cya voltage, niko bigenda byinjira muri inverter.
Ikibazo: Umuvuduko wuzuye wa voltage urwego
Igisubizo: Muri voltage urwego rwa inverter, irashobora gusohora imbaraga zagenwe.Usibye guhuza moderi ya Photovoltaque, hari nubundi buryo bukoreshwa bwa inverter.Inverter ifite ibyinjira byinjira cyane, nka 40kW, ni 76A.Gusa iyo kwinjiza voltage irenze 550V irashobora gusohoka igera kuri 40kW.Iyo kwinjiza voltage irenze 800V, ubushyuhe buterwa nigihombo bwiyongera cyane, biganisha kuri inverter ikenera kugabanya umusaruro.Umugozi wa voltage rero ugomba gutegurwa uko bishoboka kwose hagati yumuzigo wuzuye wa voltage.
Ikibazo: Gutangira voltage
Igisubizo: Mbere yo gutangira inverter, niba ibice bidakora kandi biri mumuzunguruko ufunguye, voltage izaba iri hejuru.Nyuma yo gutangira inverter, ibice bizaba mumikorere, kandi voltage izagabanuka.Kugirango wirinde inverter gutangira inshuro nyinshi, itangira rya voltage ya inverter igomba kuba hejuru kurenza voltage ntoya ikora.Inverter imaze gutangira, ntabwo bivuze ko inverter izahita igira ingufu zisohoka.Igenzura igice cya inverter, CPU, ecran nibindi bice bikora mbere.Ubwambere, inverter yonyine igenzura, hanyuma igenzura ibice na gride ya power.Nyuma yuko ntakibazo gihari, inverter izasohoka gusa mugihe ingufu za Photovoltaque zirenze imbaraga zo guhagarara kwa inverter.
Umubare ntarengwa wa DC winjiza uri hejuru yumubyigano ntarengwa wakazi wa MPPT, naho voltage yo gutangira irarenze ingufu nkeya zakazi za MPPT.Ibi ni ukubera ko ibipimo bibiri bya DC yinjiza ntarengwa ya DC hamwe nogutangira voltage bihuye numuzunguruko wumuzunguruko wimiterere yibigize, kandi voltage yumuzunguruko ufunguye muri rusange usanga hafi 20% kurenza voltage ikora.
Ikibazo: Nigute ushobora kumenya ibisohoka voltage na grid ihuza voltage?
Igisubizo: Umuvuduko wa DC ntaho uhuriye na voltage ya AC kuruhande, kandi inverter isanzwe ifotora ifite AC isohoka 400VN / PE.Kubaho cyangwa kutagira transformateur yo kwigunga ntabwo bifitanye isano na voltage isohoka.Urusobekerane ruhuza inverter igenga ikigezweho, na gride ihuza voltage biterwa na voltage ya gride.Mbere ya gride ihuza, inverter izamenya gride ya voltage hanyuma ihuze gusa na gride niba yujuje ibisabwa.
Ikibazo: Ni irihe sano riri hagati yo kwinjiza no gusohora voltage?
Igisubizo: Nigute ibisohoka voltage ya gride yahujwe na fotovoltaque inverter yabonetse nka 270V?
Umubare ntarengwa wo gukurikirana ingufu za MPPT nini cyane ni 420-850V, bivuze ko ingufu zisohoka zigera 100% mugihe voltage ya DC ari 420V.
Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (DC420V) uhindurwamo imbaraga zingirakamaro zumuyaga uhindagurika, ugwizwa na coefficente yo guhindura kugirango ubone (AC270V), ijyanye nurwego rwo kugenzura ingufu za voltage hamwe nubugari bwa pulse ubugari bwumusoro wuruhande rwibisohoka.
Umuvuduko wa voltage urwego rwa 270 (-10% kugeza 10%) ni: umuyaga mwinshi usohoka kuruhande rwa DC DC420V ni AC297V;Kugirango ubone agaciro keza k'ingufu za AC297V AC na voltage ya DC (impinga ya AC ya voltage) ya 297 * 1.414 = 420V, kubara inyuma birashobora kubona AC270V.Inzira ni: DC420V DC imbaraga ziyobowe na PWM (modse ubugari bwa pulse) nyuma yo kuzimya no kuzimya (IGBT, IPM, nibindi), hanyuma ukayungurura kugirango ubone ingufu za AC.
Ikibazo: Ese inverteri zifotora zisaba umuvuduko muke unyuramo?
Igisubizo: Ubwoko rusange bwamashanyarazi ubwoko bwa Photovoltaic inverters busaba kugenda mumashanyarazi make binyuze mumikorere.
Iyo amashanyarazi ya gride cyangwa imivurungano itera umuvuduko wa voltage kumurongo wa gride ihuza imirima yumuyaga, turbine yumuyaga irashobora gukora ubudahwema mubitonyanga bya voltage.Ku mashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque, mugihe impanuka zamashanyarazi cyangwa imivurungano zitera amashanyarazi ya gride, mugihe runaka nigihe cyigihe cyo kugabanuka kwamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi arashobora gukomeza gukora ntakabuza kuva kuri gride.
Ikibazo: Niki cyinjiza voltage kuruhande rwa DC ya gride ihuza inverter?
Igisubizo: Umuyoboro winjiza kuruhande rwa DC ya inverter ya fotovoltaque iratandukanye numutwaro.Umuvuduko winjiza wihariye ujyanye na silicon wafer.Bitewe no kurwanya imbere kwimbere ya panike ya silicon, mugihe imizigo iremereye, voltage ya panike ya silicon izagabanuka vuba.Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugira ikoranabuhanga rihinduka imbaraga ntarengwa yo kugenzura.Komeza ibisohoka voltage nubu bigezweho bya silicon kumurongo uringaniye kugirango wemeze ingufu nyinshi.
Mubisanzwe, hari amashanyarazi yingoboka imbere muri inverter ya Photovoltaque.Aya mashanyarazi yingirakamaro arashobora gutangira mugihe iyinjizwa rya voltage ya DC igera kuri 200V.Nyuma yo gutangira, imbaraga zirashobora gutangwa kumurongo wimbere wimbere ya inverter, hanyuma imashini ikinjira muburyo bwo guhagarara.
Mubisanzwe, iyo kwinjiza voltage bigeze kuri 200V cyangwa hejuru, inverter irashobora gutangira gukora.Ubwa mbere, uzamure ibyinjira DC kuri voltage runaka, hanyuma uyihindure kuri gride ya voltage hanyuma urebe ko icyiciro kiguma gihoraho, hanyuma ukinjize muri gride.Inverters mubisanzwe isaba voltage ya gride kuba munsi ya 270Vac, naho ubundi ntishobora gukora neza.Inverter ya gride ihuza bisaba ko ibisohoka biranga inverter ari isoko yubu iranga, kandi igomba kwemeza ko ibyasohotse bisohoka bihuye na AC icyiciro cya gride.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-15-2024