Bitewe nintego za "double carbone" (impanuka ya karubone no kutabogama kwa karubone), inganda z’amafoto y’Ubushinwa zirimo impinduka zitigeze zibaho.Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2024, amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi yageze kuri kilowati miliyoni 45,74, kandi ingufu zahujwe n’amashanyarazi zirenga kilowati miliyoni 659.5, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko inganda zifotora zinjiye mu ntera nshya y’iterambere.Uyu munsi, tuzasesengura byimbitse imiterere nogushyira mubikorwa bya gride ihujwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.Niba ari "kwikorera-gukoresha-gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi na gride-ihuza imbaraga zisagutse", cyangwanini nini ya gride ihuzaya Photovoltaque.Urashobora kubyerekezaho ukurikije ibikubiye mu nyandiko.
Ibyiciro byaUrusobekeranesisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi
Sisitemu yo guhuza amashanyarazi ya gride irashobora kugabanywamo sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro, sisitemu idahuza imiyoboro ya sisitemu, guhinduranya imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro, sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro ya DC, sisitemu ya DC na AC, hamwe na sisitemu ihuza uturere ukurikije niba amashanyarazi ingufu zoherejwe muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.
1. Sisitemu yo guhuza amashanyarazi ihuza amashanyarazi
Iyo ingufu zitangwa nizuba ryamashanyarazi yizuba rihagije, ingufu zisigaye zishobora koherezwa kumurongo rusange;iyo ingufu zitangwa nizuba ryumuriro wamashanyarazi izuba ridahagije, gride itanga ingufu mumitwaro.Kubera ko ingufu zitangwa kuri gride muburyo butandukanye kuri gride, byitwa sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.
2. Imiyoboro ihujwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi ntaho ihuriye
Nubwo amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba atanga ingufu zihagije, ntabwo atanga amashanyarazi kumurongo rusange.Ariko, mugihe amashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba atanga amashanyarazi adahagije, azakoreshwa numuyoboro rusange.
3. Guhindura gride ihujwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi
Guhindura grid-ihujwe nimbaraga zo kubyara sisitemu ifite imikorere yo guhinduranya byikora-inzira ebyiri.Ubwa mbere, iyo sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi adafite ingufu zidahagije bitewe nikirere, kunanirwa kwera, nibindi, switch irashobora guhita ihindukirira kuruhande rwamashanyarazi ya gride, kandi gride itanga ingufu mumitwaro;icya kabiri, iyo gride yamashanyarazi itunguranye imbaraga kubwimpamvu runaka, sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque Irashobora guhita ihindura kugirango itandukane amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi kandi ihinduka sisitemu yigenga itanga amashanyarazi.Mubisanzwe, guhinduranya gride ihujwe na fotokoltaque yamashanyarazi ifite ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu.
4. Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zahujwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi
Sisitemu ya gride ihujwe na sisitemu yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi hamwe nigikoresho cyo kubika ingufu nugushiraho ibikoresho bibika ingufu ukurikije ibikenewe muburyo bwavuzwe haruguru bwa gride ihujwe na sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque ifite ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu zirakora cyane kandi irashobora gukora yigenga kandi igatanga ingufu mumitwaro mubisanzwe mugihe habaye umuriro, amashanyarazi cyangwa gutsindwa mumashanyarazi.Kubwibyo rero, sisitemu ihuza amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi hamwe nibikoresho bibika ingufu birashobora gukoreshwa nka sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi ahantu h'ingenzi cyangwa imizigo yihutirwa nko gutanga amashanyarazi yihutirwa, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, sitasiyo ya lisansi, kwerekana aho bimukira no kumurika.
5. Sisitemu nini nini ya gride-ihuza amashanyarazi
Sisitemu nini nini ya gride ihuza amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi agizwe na gride ihuza amashanyarazi menshi.Buri mashanyarazi yamashanyarazi ahindura ingufu za DC zakozwe ningirabuzimafatizo yizuba mumashanyarazi ya 380V AC binyuze mumashanyarazi ya fotokoltaque ihujwe na inverter, hanyuma ikayihindura ingufu za 10KV AC yumuriro mwinshi binyuze muri sisitemu yo kuzamura.Ihita yoherezwa muri sisitemu ya transformateur ya 35KV hanyuma igahuzwa mumashanyarazi ya 35KV.Muri gride yumuriro mwinshi, 35KV AC yumuriro mwinshi uhindurwamo ingufu za 380 ~ 400V AC binyuze muri sisitemu yo kumanuka nkumuriro wamashanyarazi kuri sitasiyo.
6. Ikwirakwizwa rya sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi
Ikwirakwizwa ryamashanyarazi yatanzwe, azwi kandi nkugukwirakwiza amashanyarazi cyangwa gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, bivuga iboneza rya sisitemu ntoya itanga amashanyarazi kurubuga rwabakoresha cyangwa hafi yikibanza gikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo byabakoresha runaka kandi ishyigikire ubukungu bwa umuyoboro uhari.imikorere, cyangwa byombi.
7. Sisitemu ya microgrid yubwenge
Microgrid bivuga sisitemu ntoya yo kubyara no gukwirakwiza bigizwe n'amasoko yatanzwe, ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu, ibikoresho byo guhindura ingufu, imizigo ijyanye, gukurikirana no kurinda ibikoresho.Nuburyo bushobora kumenya kwifata, kurinda no kurinda.Sisitemu yigenga icungwa irashobora gukora ifatanije na gride yo hanze cyangwa mukwigunga.Microgrid ihujwe kuruhande rwabakoresha kandi ifite ibiranga igiciro gito, voltage nkeya hamwe n’umwanda muke.Microgrid irashobora guhuzwa numuyoboro munini w'amashanyarazi, cyangwa irashobora guhagarikwa kuri gride nkuru hanyuma igakora yigenga mugihe umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi unaniwe cyangwa ukenewe.
Ibigize gride ihujwe na Photovoltaic power power sisitemu
Imashini ya Photovoltaque ihindura ingufu zizuba mumashanyarazi ya DC, ikayihuza ikoresheje agasanduku, hanyuma igahindura ingufu za DC mumashanyarazi ya AC ikoresheje inverter.Urwego rwa voltage yumuriro wamashanyarazi uhujwe numuyoboro wamashanyarazi ugenwa ukurikije ubushobozi bwumuriro wamashanyarazi wagaragajwe nikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza sitasiyo yamashanyarazi na gride., nyuma ya voltage yazamuwe na transformateur, ihujwe na gride rusange.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-15-2024