Kubungabunga modul ya fotovoltaque niyo garanti itaziguye yo kongera amashanyarazi no kugabanya gutakaza ingufu.Noneho intumbero yibikorwa bya Photovoltaque no kubungabunga abakozi nukwiga ubumenyi bujyanye na moderi yifoto.
Mbere ya byose, reka nkubwire kubyerekeranye no kubyara amashanyarazi hamwe nimpamvu dutezimbere cyane kubyara amashanyarazi.Muri iki gihe Ubushinwa bumeze ku bidukikije ndetse n’iterambere ry’iterambere, iterambere rinini kandi ridakurikiranwa no gukoresha ibicanwa biva mu kirere, ntabwo byihutisha igabanuka ry’umutungo w’agaciro gusa, ahubwo binatera ibibazo bikomeye.Kwangiza ibidukikije.
Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu gikora amakara n’umuguzi munini ku isi, kandi hafi 76% y’ingufu zitangwa n’amakara.Uku kwishingikiriza cyane ku miterere y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byateje ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, mu bukungu no mu mibereho.Umubare munini wo gucukura amakara, gutwara no gutwika byangije cyane ibidukikije byigihugu cyacu.Kubwibyo, dutezimbere cyane ikoreshwa ryingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkizuba.Iri ni ihitamo byanze bikunze umutekano w’igihugu cyacu n’iterambere rirambye.
Sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi
Sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu za Photovoltaque igizwe cyane cyane na module yumurongo wamafoto yububiko, agasanduku gahuza, inverter, impinduka yicyiciro, guhindurira kabili, hanyuma sisitemu igahinduka, amaherezo ikaza kuri gride yamashanyarazi ikoresheje imirongo.None ni irihe hame ryo kubyara amashanyarazi?
Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque aterwa ahanini ningaruka zifoto yumuriro wa semiconductor.Iyo foton irasa icyuma, imbaraga zayo zose zirashobora kwinjizwa na electron mubyuma.Ingufu zinjizwa na electron nini nini bihagije kugirango tuneshe imbaraga za rukuruzi imbere yicyuma hanyuma ukore akazi, usize hejuru yicyuma uhunga uhinduka Optoelectronics, atome ya silicon ifite electron 4 zo hanze.Niba atome ya fosifore, ari atome ya fosifore ya atome hamwe na electroni 5 zo hanze, zashyizwe muri silikoni yera, hashyizweho n-ubwoko bwa semiconductor.
Niba atome hamwe na electroni eshatu zo hanze, nka atome ya boron, zivanze muri silicon yera kugirango zibe p-semiconductor, mugihe p-ubwoko na n-ubwoko bwahujwe hamwe, ubuso bwitumanaho buzakora icyuho cya selile hanyuma gihinduke izuba selire.
Amashanyarazi
Moderi ya Photovoltaque niyo ntoya ntoya itagabanywa izuba riva hamwe hamwe na centre hamwe nibihuza imbere bishobora gutanga umusaruro wa DC wenyine.Yitwa kandi imirasire y'izuba.Moderi ya Photovoltaque nigice cyibanze cya sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi yose.Igikorwa cyayo ni ugukoresha imishwarara ya fotoacoustic kumirasire y'izuba ihindurwamo ingufu za DC.Iyo urumuri rw'izuba rumurika ku zuba, bateri ikuramo ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugirango itange umwobo wa fotoelectron.Mubikorwa byumurima wamashanyarazi muri bateri, electroni na fotogène bifotora biratandukana, hamwe no gukusanya amafaranga yibimenyetso bitandukanye bigaragara kumpande zombi za batiri.Kandi ubyare ifoto iterwa nigitutu kibi, aricyo twita ifoto yakozwe na foto ya foto.
Reka nkumenyeshe moderi ya polycrystalline silicon yerekana amafoto yakozwe na sosiyete runaka.Iyi moderi ifite voltage ikora ya 30.47 volt nimbaraga zingana na 255 watt.Mugukoresha ingufu z'izuba, ingufu z'imirasire y'izuba zihinduka muburyo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye imbaraga z'amashanyarazi binyuze mumashanyarazi cyangwa ingaruka za fotokome.Kubyara amashanyarazi.
Ugereranije n'ibice bya silikoni ya monocrystalline, ibice bya silikoni ya polyikristaline biroroshye gukora, kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kandi bifite igiciro gito cyo kubyaza umusaruro, ariko imikorere yo guhindura amashanyarazi nayo ni mike.
Module ya Photovoltaque irashobora kubyara amashanyarazi munsi yizuba.Bafite umutekano kandi wizewe, nta rusaku kandi nta byuka bihumanya, kandi bifite isuku rwose kandi nta mwanda.
Ibikurikira, tumenyekanisha imiterere yigikoresho hanyuma turagisenya.
Agasanduku
Agasanduku ka Photovoltaque ni umuhuza hagati yizuba ryizuba rigizwe na modul selile yizuba hamwe nigikoresho cyo kugenzura izuba.Ihuza ahanini ingufu z'amashanyarazi zituruka ku ngirabuzimafatizo z'izuba n'imirongo yo hanze.
Ikirahure gikonje
Gukoresha ibirahuri bituje hamwe no kohereza urumuri rwinshi cyane cyane kurinda selile ya batiri kwangirika, ibyo bikaba bihwanye na Jian Bai avuga ko firime yacu igendanwa ya terefone igira uruhare mukurinda.
Encapsulation
Kuberako firime ikoreshwa cyane muguhuza no gutunganya ibirahuri hamwe na selile ya selile, ifite umucyo mwinshi, guhinduka, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke cyane no kurwanya amazi.
Amabati akoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza bateri nziza nibibi kugirango habeho uruhererekane rw'uruhererekane, rutanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi kandi ruganisha ku gasanduku.
Ikaramu ya Aluminium
Ikadiri ya moderi ya Photovoltaque ikozwe mu mpande enye zingana za aluminiyumu, yoroheje kandi iremereye.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kurinda urwego runyeganyega no kugira uruhare runini rwo gufunga no gushyigikira, arirwo rufatiro rw'akagari.
Polycrystalline Silicon Solar selile
Polycrystalline silicon izuba ningingo nyamukuru yibice.Igikorwa cabo nyamukuru nugukora amafoto yumuriro no kubyara ingufu nyinshi zamashanyarazi.Imirasire y'izuba ya Crystalline silicon ifite ibyiza byo kugiciro gito no guteranya byoroshye.
Inyuma
Urupapuro rwinyuma ruri mu buryo butaziguye n’ibidukikije byo hanze inyuma ya moderi yifoto.Ibikoresho byo gufotora bifotora bikoreshwa cyane mugupakira ibice, kurinda ibikoresho bibisi nubufasha, no gutandukanya module yizuba kumukandara.Iki gice gifite ibintu byiza nko kurwanya gusaza, kurwanya insulasiyo, kurwanya amazi, no kurwanya gaze.Ibiranga.
Umwanzuro
Ikadiri nyamukuru ya module ya fotovoltaque igizwe na Photovoltaic tempered ikirahuri gikubiyemo micro-firime, selile, amabati, aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu, hamwe nudusanduku duhuza udusanduku kugirango dukore amacomeka ya SC nibindi bice byingenzi.
Muri byo, utugingo ngengabuzima twa silisiki ya kristaline ihujwe no guhuza selile nyinshi imbere no guhindukira kugirango habeho urukurikirane, hanyuma biganisha ku isanduku ihuza unyuze mu mukandara wa bisi kugira ngo habeho amashanyarazi menshi y’amashanyarazi.Iyo urumuri rwizuba rushyizwe hejuru ya module, ikibaho kibyara amashanyarazi binyuze mumashanyarazi., icyerekezo cyubu kiva muri electrode nziza kuri electrode mbi.Hano hari urwego rwa firime imwe-imwe kuruhande rwo hejuru no hepfo ya selile ikora nkibifatika.Ubuso buragaragara cyane kandi bwihanganira ingaruka.Inyuma yikirahure ni urupapuro rwinyuma rwa PPT rwamuritswe no gushyushya no gukurura.Kuberako PPT nikirahure bishonga mubice bigize selile hanyuma bigafatwa muri rusange.Ikaramu ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu gufunga module ya silicone.Hano hari bisi iyobora inyuma yikibaho.Agasanduku kayobora bateri gakosorwa hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Tumaze kumenyekanisha ibikoresho bya moderi ya Photovoltaque binyuze mu gusenya.Imiterere n'ihame ry'akazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-05-2024